New use for old technology set to make measuring soil carbon more affordable


ο»ΏEver heard of an Eddy Covariance Flux Tower?


Well, you’d be forgiven if you hadn’t; and even though this little known technology has been around since 1951 it’s large scale use in measuring the exchange between an ecosystem and the atmosphere is only now being realised in terms of its potential for carbon sequestration in agriculture.


Agricultural group, Agrimix together with Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and funding from Meat & Livestock Australia (MLA), have joined forces to trial the Agrimix Flux at a number of sites in key beef producing areas of Queensland and northern New South Wales.   


Agrimix CEO, Ben Sawley said they are more deeply understanding the sequestering of carbon using the eddy covariance methodology thereby making carbon measuring more readily available and affordable for land managers.


“The biggest challenge of soil carbon is that it is very expensive to measure owing to the drilling of soil cores and taking these cores back to a lab to be analysed; it’s also hard to measure accurately across a paddock as there can be large differences in soil carbon from one soil core to another and they may only be metres apart,” Ben Sawley said.


Eddy Covariance Flux Tower

“So what we are doing is using flux towers to calibrate and validate the models which is much more sensitive and faster than soil coring.” - Mr Sawley


“Soil coring is kind of like measuring a 50 cent piece of soil at the MCG and relying on this to get an accurate picture of what’s going on across the entire field,” Mr Sawley said.


“Currently under the Emissions Reduction Fund (ERF) administered by the Clean Energy Regulator in Australia there are only two main approved ways to measure carbon sequestration in soil that is 1) soil coring and 2) validated soil carbon modelling of your farm,” he said.


Like soil coring, carbon modelling is also expensive and setting it up accurately is labour intensive, however once the model is validated it can quantify soil carbon exchanges inexpensively as there is no need for extensive soil coring.


“Agricultural simulation models have been around since the Cold War when the CIA used modelling to understand food production in the Soviet Union,” Ben Sawley said 


“To create a good soil carbon model requires lots of calibration and validation to check if it is accurate and you need to do that over a period of time; and in Australia owing to the expanse and variability of landscapes we operate in, you couldn’t just use the same model based on a farm in Rockhampton for a farm in Longreach,” Mr Sawley said.


“So what we are doing is using flux towers to calibrate and validate the models which is much more sensitive and faster than soil coring,” he said.

“This technology has been around for decades so it is tried and tested and it’s been used extensively to measure the ecosystem exchanges in forest systems around the world; this is just utilising an existing technology in a different application.”  - Ben Sawley


So how does eddy flux work?


“Eddy flux is a method which measures the flow of carbon dioxide (CO²) molecules into and out of the plants and soil,” Ben Sawley said.


“Simply put; the Agrimix Flux tower is around 6 metres in the air and it can measure a 50-100 hectare radius around it; and it is measuring the flow of carbon into and out of the plants and soil and the net of these gives you the net exchange of carbon dioxide into and out of the soil,” Mr Sawley said.


“We’re calibrating the system to make sure it is accurate and to make sure it is checked through physical soil coring too.  Ultimately the goal is to minimise the amount of time land managers have to physically drill soil cores which will help achieve the goal of reducing costs to 1/10th of the current cost,” he said.


“This technology has been around for decades so it is tried and tested and it’s been used extensively to measure the ecosystem exchanges in forest systems around the world; this is just utilising an existing technology in a different application.”


But even with access to readily available and affordable methods of accurate measurement not every land manager is going to be able to build carbon in their soil or secure carbon credits.


“There’s so many variables…clay content, rain, drought, or even the ability to make further improvements because the land managers have done such a good job to date,” Ben Sawley said.


“So rather than only use this technology to harness carbon credits and possibly create a new income stream, we want to also use it to help graziers optimise their pasturelands and make them as productive and sustainable as possible,” Mr Sawley said.


"Eddy flux is a method which measures the flow of carbon dioxide (CO²) molecules into and out of the plants and soil."  - Ben Sawley


“So we’re looking to uplift current income streams through productivity achieved by better understanding how sequestering carbon drives pasture growth and ultimately increased weight gains in cattle,” he said.


“One of the 17 sites in the research project is a property in Central Queensland and they have two paddocks, one with buffel grass pastures and the other with improved pastures including Progardes® legume, grasses and fertiliser.” 


“And what we can see from the data is that improved pastures with good quality plants are more efficient users of water which enables those pastures to grow more organic matter for the same amount of rainfall thereby enabling more feed for animals and the sequestration of more carbon into the soil.”


“This improved productivity often generates many hundreds of dollars of additional production per hectare which very quickly pays back the investment in the improved pasture.”


The Agrimix Flux tower costs around $100K per unit to install, but the business is looking at fully supplied and operated packages for an annual fee.


“It’s not the infrastructure that the land manager wants, it's the data that it produces so we are looking at offering the towers on a package arrangement whereby the land manager can access the data but doesn’t have to own the infrastructure,” Ben Sawley said.


“We’re at the point where we are starting to pull the opportunity together commercially and are hopeful of being able to offer packages to land managers in the near future,” Mr Sawley said.


For a simple explanation of how eddy covariance works visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CR4Anc8Mkas


For a more detailed explanation of eddy covariance visit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0JWK95Sj84


For information on how eddy covariance has been used in measure gas exchanges in cereal cropping visit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfvPoP_xx4Y

25 September 2025
We are seeing fantastic momentum across the region, with strong interest from landholders in improving land condition. Even better, clusters of neighbouring properties are getting involved, a promising sign for achieving landscape-scale change that supports water infiltration, soil health, and resilient groundcover. To help visualise this, Projects Lead Payel Sinha, developed a set of clever graphics that capture the essence of the NRRP program. The circular diagram below shows how water, soil, vegetation, grazing, and ecosystem balance are interconnected, all working together to support healthier landscapes.
24 September 2025
We were honoured to have CEO Gillian Meppem, Richard Turnbull, Dr Payel Sinha and Uncle Kevin, a Margany Elder from near Quilpie, come together on the Gold Coast for this year’s Landcare Conference, representing our vision, work and cultural partnerships across the region. Dr Payel Sinha delivered a presentation on the Natural Resource Recovery Program: A Holistic Approach to Restoring Landscapes , showcasing how integrative, place-based strategies can unite ecological health, cultural values and community resilience.
22 September 2025
About this Role The Project Officer role works closely with Project Leads and team colleagues to deliver projects aligned to the Strategic Plan. The role requires an understanding of project management and stakeholder engagement principles, ideally within regional communities. Working under general supervision with only limited instruction, Project Officers will bring a commercial understanding to the delivery of on-ground project work through contractors, land manager partnerships and other community stakeholders that facilitate positive and sustainable transformation of agricultural practices and environmental stewardship. Location Any Southern Queensland Landscapes office location (Toowoomba, Charleville or Roma). Key Responsibilities Independently and as a team member deliver developed sustainable agriculture and natural resource management programs, on time and to budget using the designated business project management system. With the support of the Project Leads, deliver project reports, including funding acquittals. Conduct farm and other site visits to assess land manager constraints and opportunities and alignment of proposed activities to program outcomes and deliverables. Achieve on-farm adoption of practice change through support for land management changes, including negotiating co-contribution agreements with a demonstrated commercial mindset. Organise and facilitate extension activities such as workshops and field days, and support the knowledge transfer and media output (communication) aspects of programs. Collect and analyse data, and document project activity outcomes. Collaborate with diverse stakeholders, including farmers, researchers, community groups, First Nations and aligned industry partners. Support Project Leads in the development phase of programs and the Business Development function. Embrace and model the behaviours and culture of a high-performance team. Key Requirements Relevant certificate or tertiary qualifications in Business, Agricultural or Environmental Science or other relevant field. Demonstrated strong knowledge of Australian farming systems and commitment to sustainable agriculture and natural resource management. Competency in project management, including budget acquittal and reporting, high level proficiency in computing skills and data management. Technical experience across environmental, agricultural or adjacent sectors. Strong communication and interpersonal skills with a demonstrated ability to work collaboratively. Our Shared Commitment At Southern Queensland Landscapes, we value a safe, respectful, and high-performing workplace. As part of our team, you’ll be required to: Uphold the organisations values and act with integrity, professionalism, and respect in all interactions with colleagues, stakeholders, and the community. Follow all company policies and procedures, your employment contract, and relevant legislation. Actively contribute to a safe work environment by applying our workplace health and safety (WHS) policies, demonstrating due diligence, commitment and care. Respect confidentiality and privacy requirements when handling sensitive information, in accordance with relevant privacy laws, policies and procedures. Be adaptable and undertake any reasonable duties across our teams and locations, supporting Southern Queensland Landscapes’ broader strategic objectives. Seek and support continuous improvement by regularly reflecting on how we do things – individually, as a team, and across the business. Embrace our continual learning culture by participating in training and professional development that enhances your skills and impact. Be prepared to work outside of normal hours on occasion to meet project or organisational requirements. Undertake any mandatory training within a reasonable timeframe. Hold and maintain a valid driver’s licence. Be willing to travel, including overnight stays, as reasonably required. ο»Ώ
22 September 2025
About this Role The Project Leads role works closely with the Program Delivery Manager and Programs Manager to deliver projects against the Strategic Plan. The role requires high level project development and management skills with experience working within regional communities, to facilitate positive and sustainable transformation of agricultural practices and environmental stewardship. A key function of the role is the leadership and development of a team of Project Officers and external contractors to be a high performing team that ensures projects are delivered commercially and to customer and stakeholder expectations. Project Leads will bring a growth mindset with the capacity to overcome challenges, embrace learning opportunities, and continuously improve products and services. Location Any Southern Queensland Landscapes office location (Toowoomba, Charleville or Roma). Key Responsibilities Support the Program Delivery team to develop and deliver sustainable agriculture and natural resource management programs, on time and to budget, informed by effective project performance analysis. Delivery of all program reports, including funding acquittals, while maintaining strong communication and relationship with funders. Develop the team through training, coaching and mentoring, while enhancing the systems and tools that support program delivery, to enable a team of Project Officers and contractors that deliver customer service levels that are best in the sector. Support the team to conduct farm and other site visits to assess land manager constraints and opportunities and propose suitable, innovative solutions to achieve on-farm adoption through support for land management practice change, including negotiating co-contribution agreements with a demonstrated commercial mindset. Support the team to plan and deliver innovative extension activities, knowledge transfer artefacts, and media outputs. Collaborate with diverse stakeholders, including farmers, researchers, community groups, First Nations and aligned industry partners to identify partnership opportunities and strategically leverage current programs to optimise delivery and business outcomes. Supporting the Program Delivery Manager and Programs Manager in the development phase of programs and the Business Development function. Support the Leadership team to deliver priority operational programs and cross business functions against the Strategic Plan. Embrace and model the behaviours and culture of a high-performance team. Key Requirements Tertiary qualifications in Business Management, Agricultural or Environmental Science, or other relevant field, with experience in a similar role and a level of skills sufficient to perform the role. Demonstrated ability to lead multiple complex projects with a range of stakeholders. Demonstrated high level experience in systems to plan, schedule, and track multiple programs of work to deliver on time and to budget. Demonstrated experience in industry extension principles and practices and in successfully engaging with and providing capacity building activities for the agricultural and land management sectors. Demonstrated ability and experience in developing and leading a high performing, diverse team through fostering strong performance and constructively navigating challenges as they arise. Extensive experience working with landholders, contractors and other stakeholders. Excellent written and oral communication skills, including the ability to communicate with influence, to a diverse client base including landholders, industry groups, and government. A growth mindset with the capacity to overcome challenges, embrace learning opportunities, and continuously improve products and services. Our Shared Commitment At Southern Queensland Landscapes, we value a safe, respectful, and high-performing workplace. As part of our team, you’ll be required to: Uphold the organisations values and act with integrity, professionalism, and respect in all interactions with colleagues, stakeholders, and the community. Follow all company policies and procedures, your employment contract, and relevant legislation. Actively contribute to a safe work environment by applying our workplace health and safety (WHS) policies, demonstrating due diligence, commitment and care. Respect confidentiality and privacy requirements when handling sensitive information, in accordance with relevant privacy laws, policies and procedures. Be adaptable and undertake any reasonable duties across our teams and locations, supporting Southern Queensland Landscapes’ broader strategic objectives. Seek and support continuous improvement by regularly reflecting on how we do things – individually, as a team, and across the business. Embrace our continual learning culture by participating in training and professional development that enhances your skills and impact. Be prepared to work outside of normal hours on occasion to meet project or organisational requirements. Undertake any mandatory training within a reasonable timeframe. Hold and maintain a valid driver’s licence. Be willing to travel, including overnight stays, as reasonably required. ο»Ώ
10 September 2025
The rapidly evolving global market for agricultural commodities, including cotton, was front and centre at the recent Australian Cotton Research Conference held in Narrabri, NSW. A key theme throughout the event was the increasing pressure climate change places on cotton production and how the industry is adapting through innovation and research. Andrew Davidson of Southern Queensland Landscapes introduced an innovative national project funded by the Cotton Research and Development Corporation (CRDC). The project focuses on mapping woody vegetation across cotton farms in Australia, a crucial step toward better understanding on-farm biodiversity and supporting sustainability goals. The project uses a cutting-edge methodology developed by Southern Queensland Landscapes, drawing on a national dataset curated by the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN). What makes this approach unique is its ability to consistently measure vegetation across state and territory lines, overcoming long-standing challenges caused by fragmented and inconsistent regional datasets. The initiative is a true collaboration between the cotton industry, Natural Resource Management (NRM) groups, and NRM Regions Australia. Together, they aim to build a national picture of woody vegetation cover, including how much of it connects to larger, regional biodiversity corridors. Why It Matters... This vegetation data will provide a scientifically robust and cost-effective indicator of potential biodiversity on cotton farms. In practical terms, it can help: • Support cotton growers in meeting environmental standards for market access • Inform risk management strategies and conversations with financiers • Align with international frameworks such as: - The Science-Based Targets for Nature - The Post-2020 Biodiversity Framework - The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) As the cotton industry looks to remain competitive and resilient in a changing climate, initiatives like this are critical. They help position Australian cotton as a globally trusted, environmentally responsible product.
30 July 2025
A Message From Our CEO, Gillian Meppem
29 July 2025
Project Officers Katrina Higgins and Erin Landsberg recently joined Rose and Weston from Boobook Ecological Consulting in Roma, to complete field monitoring in the Murweh and Maranoa districts. This monitoring measures the value and health of Coolibah, Poplar Box, and Brigalow habitat. During this time, we deployed acoustic recorders and motion-sensor wildlife cameras, and took DNA samples from nearby water sources to ascertain the fauna within these threatened habitats.
8 July 2025
Playing a Leading Role in the National Soil Monitoring Program Queensland’s regional Natural Resource Management (NRM) organisations are playing a leading role in the National Soil Monitoring Program (NSMP), one of Australia’s most ambitious efforts to assess and improve soil health. Funded by the Australian Government through the Natural Heritage Trust and led by CSIRO, the NSMP will involve sampling at approximately 3,000 sites nationwide over three years, more than 850 of those in Queensland, with a focus on key agricultural zones. Queensland’s NRM groups have formed northern and southern clusters to deliver the program, contributing valuable expertise from over 25 years of on-ground experience. Southern Queensland Landscapes will lead delivery for the QLD South cluster of regions. The data collected will provide a nationally consistent picture of soil condition and health, enabling better decision-making for farmers, land managers, and policymakers to support sustainable, climate-smart agriculture. Jayne Thorpe, Business Development Manager at Southern Queensland Landscapes said, “In total, the QLD South cluster will collect 565 soil samples over the course of the project. That will work out as 11.3 tonnes of soil sent for analysis!”
11 June 2025
1. What is Natural Capital? Natural capital refers to the natural resources and ecosystems, like soils, native vegetation, water, and biodiversity, that underpin productive farming and provide essential services such as clean water, healthy soils and carbon storage. For Queensland landholders, this means your land’s value now includes the environmental benefits it delivers, not just crops or livestock. While the term Natural Capital has risen to prominence with government, industry and the public in recent years, the sustainable use of our natural capital, its maintenance and improvement have been fundamental to regional NRM organisations since inception. Identifying and assessing our natural assets are foundational to the development of our regional NRM strategies and plans which guide our operations and provide us with the knowledge and expertise to play a key role in Australia’s efforts to manage and enhance our Natural Capital. 2. Why Does Natural Capital Matter in Agriculture? Australian agriculture is experiencing a shift where nature and production are seen as interconnected assets. This approach is being driven by both market demand and new government policies, with natural capital now influencing land values, investments, and farm business resilience. 3. How Can Farmers Monetise Natural Capital? Natural capital markets allow landholders to earn income by improving or protecting their land’s natural assets. The most common ways to participate include: Carbon Credits: Under the Australian Carbon Credit Unit (ACCU) Scheme, farmers can generate credits by adopting practices like reforestation, soil carbon improvement, or avoided clearing. These credits are regulated by the Clean Energy Regulator (CER) and can be sold to the government or private buyers. Biodiversity Certificates: The new federal Nature Repair Market, established by the Nature Repair Act 2023, allows farmers to earn tradable biodiversity certificates for projects that restore or protect native ecosystems. The CER also administers this market, ensuring robust oversight and scientific credibility. Land Restoration Fund (LRF): Queensland’s LRF builds on the federal framework, offering extra incentives for projects that deliver both carbon abatement and environmental co-benefits, such as improved water quality or habitat restoration. The LRF works in tandem with the ACCU Scheme and prioritises projects that support regional sustainability. More Information: πŸ”— www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/natural-capital/explained πŸ”— www.cer.gov.au/schemes/australian-carbon-credit-unit-scheme πŸ”— www.qld.gov.au/environment/climate/climate-change/land-restoration-fund πŸ”— www.nrmrq.org.au/queensland-nature-fund-natural-capital πŸ”— www.legislation.gov.au/C2023A00121/latest/text
6 May 2025
The Board of Southern Queensland Landscapes is pleased to announce Kimberley Swords has been appointed as Chair of the Board of Directors. Kimberley began her working life as a large animal country vet, after student practical experience across Southern Queensland in Goondiwindi and Injune. Kimberley’s strong interest in natural resource management and regional communities has led her to contribute across a wide variety of industries including the public sector, where she rose to the role of Deputy Secretary in the Australian Government and led environmental approvals, heritage and marine. Her extensive leadership experience incorporates many board roles, including as a current serving member of the CS Energy board. “Following an extensive recruitment phase, where the Southern Queensland Landscapes Board were gratified to receive several high-quality applications, we are delighted to announce the subsequent overwhelming member endorsement of Kimberley as Board Chair. The appointment of a new Chair in any organisation represents an opportunity for refreshment and renewal and the Southern Queensland Landscapes Directors and staff are looking forward to working with Kimberley to deliver our Strategic Plan” said acting Southern Queensland Landscapes Chair, Louise Winten. Kimberly looks forward to engaging with stakeholders across Southern Queensland, with her first full board meeting set down for late June in Charleville. “It is an exciting and challenging time for the region, as we lean into the changing climate, different economic opportunities, and the next generation of regional leaders. I look forward to connecting and collaborating across our communities to better understand how Southern Queensland Landscapes can support sustainable environmental outcomes that materially improve the lives of people living and working in Southern Queensland,” she said. The position of Chair became vacant following the retirement of founding Chair, and long term supporter of regional natural resource management, The Honourable Bruce Scott, AM, at the end of February 2025. Bruce made a significant contribution to Southern Queensland Landscapes during his time as Chair and the Board thanks him for dedication, time, energy, and commitment to the organisation. Southern Queensland Landscapes is one of 11 Queensland-based Natural Resource Management (NRM) organisations. Spanning 314,398 square kilometres, the our footprint encompasses the Condamine catchment, Qld Murray Darling Basin and the south-west Mulga Lands. Southern Queensland Landscapes relies on evidence based information, supported by First Nations knowledge, to effectively balance productivity and environmental outcomes that support the regional communities within our landscapes. ο»Ώ